World History Final Exam 2011

Name:

Matching

Match the terms to the descriptions.

a.	total war	f.	Dardanelles
b.	neutrality	g.	propaganda
c.	T.E. Lawrence	h.	reparations
d.	militarism	i.	proletariat
e.	zeppelins	j.	Fourteen Points

a strait connecting the Black Sea with the Mediterranean

the spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause

the channeling of all of a nation’s resources into the war effort

a list of terms issued by President Wilson to end World War I and prevent future wars

payments for war damage

glorification of the military

the policy of taking neither side in a conflict

a growing class of factory and railroad workers, miners, and urban wage earners

large gas-filled balloons used by Germany to drop bombs

10.

a British colonel who helped Arab nationalists free their nations from the Ottoman empire

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

11.

Which of the following was an effect of nationalism in Europe in the early 1900s?

a.	Britain made an alliance with France.
b.	Austria feared increasing rebellion among its subjects.
c.	Germany sought additional colonial territories.
d.	Revolutionaries overthrew the Russian government.

12.

Which of the following events caused Britain to fight in World War I?

a.	Austria gave Serbia an ultimatum.
b.	Russia joined France to fight Austria.
c.	Germany invaded Belgium.
d.	Germany invaded Russia.

13.

For which of the following reasons did the Schlieffen Plan fail?

a.	Belgium could not be defeated.	c.	The United States joined the war.
b.	Germany did not have a strong army.	d.	Russia mobilized its army quickly.

14.

A stalemate developed along the Western Front early in the war because

a.	The United States immediately joined the war.
b.	Trench warfare made it difficult for either side to win an advantage.
c.	the German army fought with outdated weapons.
d.	the French army was able to push Germany out.

15.

Why was the Ottoman empire considered such a valuable ally?

a.	It had a powerful navy.
b.	It controlled Russian supply routes.
c.	It was extremely wealthy.
d.	It offered to give up territory for military support.

16.

Some colonial subjects were eager to participate in the war because

a.	they wanted to earn extra money.
b.	they believed they would gain greater civil rights.
c.	they wanted more military experience.
d.	they did not want the ruling country to win.

17.

In the Zimmermann note, Germany offered which of the following to Mexico if it joined the Central Powers?

a.	rule over the North American continent
b.	3 trillion dollars in gold
c.	the return of Mexican lands held by the United States
d.	a fleet of submarines

18.

Which of the following contributed to the United States’ decision to enter the war?

a.	friendly relations with Russia
b.	fear of a poison gas attack
c.	extensive experience with trench warfare
d.	cultural ties to Britain

19.

In general, the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles focused mainly on

a.	increasing German power.	c.	decreasing American influence.
b.	punishing Germany.	d.	strengthening the Ottoman empire.

20.

Which of the following groups seized complete control of Russia in 1917?

a.	the Black Hand	c.	the Serbian nationalists
b.	the Whites	d.	the Bolsheviks

21.

Which countries were members of the Triple Alliance?

a.	Germany, Italy, Russia	c.	Austria-Hungary, Germany, Japan
b.	France, Russia, Britain	d.	Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary

22.

By the early 20th century, Britain had built the world’s most respected navy because

a.	it needed to protect its vast overseas empire.
b.	it was eager to go to war with Germany.
c.	it feared economic competition from Russia.
d.	it was a requirement of the treaties it had made.

23.

One way nationalism increased tensions in pre-war Europe was that Germans

a.	were bitter about their 1871 defeat in the Franco-Prussian war.
b.	were proud of their new empire’s military power and industrial leadership.
c.	believed that they were the leaders of all Slavic people.
d.	were growing less and less interested in acquiring overseas colonies.

24.

Which of the following is the best explanation for Russia’s entrance into World War I?

a.	Russia wanted to punish Serbia for encouraging terrorism.
b.	Russia stood by its one dependable ally, Austria-Hungary.
c.	Russia wanted to defend the Slavic peoples in Serbia.
d.	Russia wanted to avoid facing Germany alone at a later date.

25.

Germany’s hopes for a quick victory on the Western Front were ended at the

a.	first Battle of the Marne.	c.	Battle of Tannenberg.
b.	Battle of Verdun.	d.	Battle of the Bulge.

26.

To defend their merchant ships against attacks from German submarines, the Allies

a.	suspended the transport of supplies by ship.
b.	began shipping supplies using zeppelins.
c.	organized the merchant ships into convoys.
d.	resorted to trench warfare.

27.

How was fighting on the Eastern Front different from fighting on the Western Front?

a.	Casualties were much lower on the Eastern Front.
b.	Trench warfare was not as widespread on the Eastern Front.
c.	Russian armies were better equipped than countries in the West.
d.	The results of battles on the Eastern Front were more decisive.

28.

How did the British blockade of ships carrying supplies to and from Germany violate international law?

a.	The British ships were all heavily armed.
b.	The British took German sailors prisoner.
c.	The British did not give warning before attacking supply ships.
d.	The blockade confiscated food and clothing as well as contraband.

29.

At first, the Allies welcomed the overthrow of Russia’s tsar in 1917 because

a.	it allowed Germany to concentrate its forces on the Western Front.
b.	they hoped Russia would become more democratic and a stronger ally.
c.	they believed the spread of Communism would help end the war.
d.	the tsar had recently made a secret alliance with Germany.

30.

Why did many Irish Americans oppose the United States’ decision to enter World War I on the side of the Allies?

a.	They feared the loss of Irish colonies due to the war.
b.	They resented British rule of Ireland.
c.	Many Irish immigrants to America were married to Germans.
d.	They did not want to be allied with the Russian tsar.

31.

Which of the following was one of Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points?

a.	the division of Russia into East Russia and West Russia
b.	the right of Eastern Europeans to choose their own form of government
c.	a statement of American neutrality in World War I
d.	a call for a large-scale increase in the production of arms

32.

Which Allied leader wanted to weaken Germany at the Paris Peace Conference so that it could never again threaten France?

a.	Francis Ferdinand	c.	Vittorio Orlando
b.	Woodrow Wilson	d.	Georges Clemenceau

33.

After the war, European colonies in Africa, Asia, and the Pacific

a.	were relieved that their affairs would continue to be handled by the imperial powers.
b.	felt betrayed by the outcome of the Paris Peace Conference.
c.	gained newfound respect among Europeans.
d.	strongly supported the mandate system established by the leaders at Paris.

34.

Who was the leader of the Bolsheviks in 1917 during the November revolution?

a.	Gregory Rasputin.	c.	V.I. Lenin.
b.	Karl Marx.	d.	Joseph Stalin.

35.

During the three-year long civil war in Russia, the “White” armies were composed of

a.	Bolsheviks and other revolutionaries.
b.	German refugees from World War I.
c.	armies from France, Britain, and the United States.
d.	tsarist officers, democrats, and other anti-Bolsheviks.

Short Answer

36.

Identify Central Issues What was the League of Nations and what was its significance?

37.

Predict Consequences Do you think the terms of the Treaty of Versailles could create a lasting peace in Europe? Why or why not?

38.

Recognize Cause and Effect How did World War I encourage Europe’s colonial empires to push for independence?

39.

Demonstrate Reasoned Judgment Which country do you believe bears the greatest responsibility for the outbreak of World War I? Defend your answer with facts and a logical argument.