Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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IDENTIFYING MAIN IDEAS
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1.
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President Kennedy’s policy in Vietnam was to a. | send 100,000
troops to South Vietnam. | b. | increase the number of American military
advisers. | c. | gain the loyalty of the Viet Cong. | d. | support the
efforts of Ho Chi Minh. | | |
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2.
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Escalation of the war in Vietnam began with the a. | My Lai
massacre. | b. | passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.
| c. | formation of the
Viet Cong. | d. | publication of the Pentagon Papers. | | |
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3.
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American soldiers fighting in Vietnam had to cope with a. | lack of
training. | b. | tropical infections and booby traps. | c. | a lack of
sophisticated equipment. | d. | working side by side with Communists.
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4.
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Civilians in both North Vietnam and South Vietnam had to suffer the effects of
American efforts to destroy road and bridges through a. | Vietnamization. | c. | saturation
bombing. | b. | guerrilla warfare. | d. | sniper fire. | | | | |
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5.
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In
the United States, television was instrumental in a. | promoting understanding between Americans and the
Vietnamese. | b. | developing enthusiasm for the American war effort in
Vietnam. | c. | bringing the brutality of the war into people’s living
rooms. | d. | revealing the contents of classified military
documents. | | |
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6.
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Some
Americans questioned the fairness of the draft because a. | the government
refused to draft African Americans. | b. | only men between the ages of eighteen and twenty-six were
drafted. | c. | college students could easily avoid the
draft. | d. | women were drafted along with men. | | |
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7.
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After
Woodstock and Altamont, many conservative Americans a. | applauded the
changes that hippies were trying to make in society. | b. | adopted the new
lifestyles they saw developing around them. | c. | condemned the
rejection of traditional morals and values. | d. | offered their
support for legalizing psychedelic drugs. | | |
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8.
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The
Vietnam War finally ended in 1975 when a. | North Vietnam surrendered. | b. | U.S. forces
invaded Cambodia. | c. | Nixon signed a peace treaty with North
Vietnam. | d. | North Vietnam gained control over all of
Vietnam. | | |
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9.
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What
did the United States fear would happen if it did not get involved in Vietnam? a. | Diem would be
assassinated. | b. | The French would control the country. | c. | Vietnam would
invade China. | d. | Communists would take over the country.
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10.
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What
congressional action gave President Johnson the authority to escalate the Vietnam
War? a. | the Pentagon
Papers | c. | the Gulf of
Tonkin Resolution | b. | the Geneva Conference decision | d. | a Joint Chiefs of Staff finding | | | | |
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11.
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Which
of the following conditions did Americans fighting in Vietnam experience? a. | an enemy with
more advanced weapons | b. | unqualified support from the home front
| c. | sniper fire and
land mines | d. | harsh cold | | |
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12.
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Television coverage of the Vietnam War a. | encouraged
support for the war. | b. | built support for communism. | c. | brought the
brutality of the war into American homes. | d. | showed how effective American weapons were in defeating the
enemy. | | |
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13.
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What
was the primary focus of the protest movement of the 1960s? a. | to ban the use
of Agent Orange | b. | to demand U.S. withdrawal from
Vietnam | c. | to end segregation of the military | d. | to build support
for the draft | | |
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14.
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Which
of the following best describes the philosophy of the counterculture? a. | question
traditions and experiment with new ways of living | b. | support existing
political parties | c. | become members of the working-class | d. | promote
traditional American values and morals | | |
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15.
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In
1970, President Nixon announced that American forces would invade which country? a. | China. | c. | South
Vietnam. | b. | Laos. | d. | Cambodia. | | | | |
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16.
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How
did the Vietnam War finally end in 1975? a. | with the defeat of North Vietnam | b. | with the South
Vietnamese takeover of Hanoi | c. | with North Vietnam gaining control of all of
Vietnam | d. | with control of all of Vietnam being returned to
France | | |
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Matching
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IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES
Match each item with the correct statement
below. a. | conscientious
objectors | f. | Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution | b. | Woodstock festival | g. | teach-ins | c. | Vietnamization | h. | My Lai
massacre | d. | Tet Offensive | i. | escalation | e. | counterculture | j. | deferment | | | | |
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17.
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congressional act giving the President nearly complete control over United States
military actions in Vietnam
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18.
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major
Viet Cong attack on towns, cities, and American bases throughout South Vietnam
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19.
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incident in which American troops killed from 175 to 400 Vietnamese
villagers
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20.
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counterculture Music and Art Fair
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21.
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policy of replacing American forces with South Vietnamese soldiers
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22.
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In
1964, President Johnson began a military ____, or expansion of American involvement, in the Vietnam
War.
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23.
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College professors held ____ in which they expressed opinions about the Vietnam
War.
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24.
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Young
men who opposed fighting in a war on moral or religious grounds were ____.
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25.
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College students could postpone being drafted into military service by getting a(n)
____.
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26.
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Like
the Beat Generation of the 1950s, the ____ of the 1960s rejected conventional customs.
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IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS, PEOPLE, AND PLACES
Match each item with the correct statement
below. a. | Viet
Cong | f. | escalation | b. | conscientious objector | g. | Ho Chi Minh Trail | c. | Woodstock
festival | h. | My Lai
massacre | d. | New Left | i. | counterculture | e. | Tet
Offensive | j. | teach-in | | | | |
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27.
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Communist guerrillas called the ____ fought to gain control of South
Vietnam.
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28.
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North
Vietnamese troops and supplies poured into South Vietnam via the ____.
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29.
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During the ____, mounted during the Vietnamese New Year, many cities and military
bases in South Vietnam were attacked by Communist forces.
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30.
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The
brutality of the American soldiers who killed Vietnamese villagers during the ____ shocked many
Americans.
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31.
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In
1969, about 400,000 people gathered to attend the ____, a Music and Art Fair in upstate New
York.
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32.
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expansion of the war effort
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33.
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political movement which believed that problems of racism and poverty called for
radical changes in American society
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34.
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proceedings during which professors and others aired opinions about the Vietnam
War
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35.
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person who resists fighting a war on moral or religious grounds
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36.
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1960s
social movement that rejected conventional customs and ways of life
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Short Answer
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CRITICAL THINKING
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37.
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Identifying Assumptions Before the Vietnam War, what assumptions did
American leaders make about the ability of the United States to stop communism anywhere in the world?
How did these assumptions change after the war?
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38.
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Identifying Central Issues Identify one antiwar argument made by protesters of
the Vietnam War, and one pro-war argument made by supporters of the war.
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39.
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Determining Relevance Why was the Tet Offensive considered a
“psychological” victory for the Viet Cong?
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40.
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Making Comparisons Compare the reception given to American soldiers
returning from the Vietnam War with that given to soldiers returning from World War II.
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Essay
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READING A CHART
U.S. Military Personnel Assigned in Vietnam as of
December 31 | Year | Total | Net
Change | 1964 | 23,300 | +7,000 | 1965 | 184,300 | +161,000 | 1966 | 385,300 | +201,000 | 1967 | 485,600 | +100,300 | 1968 | 536,100 | +50,500 | 1969 | 475,200 | -68,200 | 1970 | 334,600 | -140,600 | 1971 | 156,800 | -177,800 | 1972 | 24,200 | -132,600 | | | |
Source:
DOD/OASD
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41.
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In
which year was there the greatest number of American troops in Vietnam?
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42.
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How
many additional military personnel were sent to Vietnam in 1966?
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43.
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In
which year did the policy of Vietnamization begin? How can you tell?
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44.
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During what year did the number of United States troops in Vietnam begin to
fall?
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45.
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During which year was there the greatest net increase in the number of troops in
Vietnam?
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46.
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How
did the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution affect the number of personnel assigned in
Vietnam?
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ANALYZING A DOCUMENT
Below is a
statement by President Lyndon Johnson. Read it and then answer the following questions
below.
The Communists' desire to dominate the world is just
like the lawyer's desire to be the ultimate judge on the Supreme Court or the politician's desire to
be President. You see, the Communists want to rule the world, and if we don't stand up to them,
they will do it. And we'll be slaves. Now I'm not one of these folks seeing Communists
under every bed. But I do know about the principles of power, and when one side is weak, the
other steps in. | |
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47.
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Why
did Johnson believe it was important to “stand up” to Communists?
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48.
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How
does the statement by Johnson help explain American involvement in Vietnam?
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49.
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What
did Johnson believe would happen if the United States did not “stand up” to
Communists?
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50.
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When
Johnson said “when one side is weak, the other steps in,” what were the two sides he was
referring to?
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