U.S. Chapter 9 Practice Test

Name:

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

The Boxer Rebellion was a revolt by the Chinese people against their emperor.

A weaker or smaller country is said to be in a more powerful country’s sphere of influence when it grants the larger country trade privileges and other benefits.

Guerrilla warfare involves irregular tactics such as surprise raids and hit-and-run attacks.

U.S. Secretary of State John Hay was responsible for explaining to the European countries which part of China that the United States wanted to control.

The Great White Fleet was a group of battleships designed to demonstrate to the world U.S. naval power.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

What happened within a year of United States Navy Commodore Matthew Perry’s arrival in Tokyo Bay in 1853?

a.	The United States annexed the island of Hawaii.
b.	Japan and the United States fought for control of trade.
c.	Perry negotiated a treaty that opened trade to the United States.
d.	Japan became a U.S. territory in Asia.

Hawaii was finally annexed in

a.	1887, when King Kalakaua amended the constitution.
b.	1893, when Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown.
c.	1893, when Sanford Dole was head of the new government.
d.	1898, during the Spanish-American War.

Why did United States Navy Commodore George Dewey lead an attack on ships in the Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War?

a.	The U.S. was at war with Spain, and the ships belonged to the Spanish.
b.	The U.S. intentionally started the war with Spain as an excuse to take over other territories.
c.	Dewey wanted to attack Spain and gain control over Cuba.
d.	The Philippines joined the war in support of Spain.

The “Rough Riders” were

a.	Cuban revolutionaries who battled the Spanish for independence.
b.	a volunteer U.S. cavalry unit in the Spanish-American War.
c.	newspaper owners who influenced public opinion by exaggerating the truth.
d.	Spanish generals in Cuba who mistreated the civilian population.

10.

When did the United States grant independence to the Philippines?

a.	1898, as part of the Treaty of Paris
b.	1916, with the Jones Act
c.	1941, when the Spanish occupied the islands during World War II
d.	1946, when the islands were liberated from Japanese occupation during World War II

11.

Unlike Britain, France, and Russia, The United States

a.	controlled large areas of China.
b.	wanted to keep trade in China open to all countries.
c.	had no interest in trade with China.
d.	broke China into distinct spheres of influence.

12.

The Platt Amendment

a.	expanded the rights of Cubans.
b.	allowed Cuba to sign treaties with other countries without U.S. approval.
c.	gave the United States the right to preserve order as needed in Cuba.
d.	established a fully independent civil government in Cuba.

13.

President Roosevelt sent troops to support Panamanian rebels in the fight against Colombia so that

a.	the Colombians would grant the United States the right to build a canal.
b.	Panamanians could be free from Colombian imperialism.
c.	the United States could get the rights to build a canal in Panama at a lower price.
d.	the Panamanians could build a canal from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

14.

In the beginning of the twentieth century, the United States had become

a.	politically unstable.
b.	accustomed to military involvement overseas.
c.	unwilling to resolve issues through diplomacy.
d.	less interested in Latin American affairs.

Directions: Use the chart to answer the question(s).

15.

This chart shows that Presidents Roosevelt and Wilson

a.	better managed U.S. interests overseas than did President Taft.
b.	believed in a policy of non-interference in Latin America.
c.	feared that Latin America countries would invade the United States.
d.	resorted frequently to the use of U.S. troops in Latin America.

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in each blank. (10 points each)

16.

An economy that is based on mining or producing raw materials in a foreign colony to be used in the imperial country’s home industries is called

a.	an extractive economy.
b.	an export economy.
c.	a feudal economy.
d.	an industrial economy.

17.

The United States wanted overseas territories because the territories had

a.	access to ports.
b.	customers who buy U.S. products.
c.	connections with European nations.
d.	access to raw materials.

18.

Why did journalists call the Alaska purchase of 1867 “Seward’s Folly”?

a.	Public opinion supported the purchase of Hawaii.
b.	It was contrary to the idea of Manifest Destiny.
c.	They wondered why the United States would want a vast tundra of snow and ice far from the continental borders.
d.	They believed that the United States instead should direct its energies toward Latin America.

19.

What new relationship with Hawaii did Congress approve in 1898?

a.	independence	c.	secession
b.	statehood	d.	annexation

20.

Social Darwinism is the theory that

a.	only countries with colonies can compete in the world market.
b.	life consists of competitive struggles in which only the strong survive.
c.	the American frontier stopped people from rebelling in the United States.
d.	the United States should expand its territory from the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans.

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in each blank. (10 points each)

21.

The 1898 Treaty of Paris dealt with which territory or territories?

a.	Cuba
b.	Cuba and Puerto Rico
c.	Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and other former Spanish territories
d.	Cuba, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, the Philippines, and other former Spanish territories

22.

The Teller Amendment stated that

a.	Spain had no right to mistreat the people of Cuba.
b.	the United States could not go to war.
c.	the United States could not develop colonies.
d.	the United States could not annex Cuba.

23.

Spain gave the United States full control of the Philippines when

a.	George Dewey defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila.
b.	the United States paid $20 million, as set out in the Treaty of Paris.
c.	Filipino freedom fighters defeated the Spanish army.
d.	Congress accepted responsibility for the islands.

24.

Emilio Aguinaldo was

a.	Spanish ambassador to Washington, D.C.
b.	a Filipino freedom fighter.
c.	a Cuban freedom fighter.
d.	a Spanish general.

25.

Which presidential candidate ran on an anti-imperialist platform?

a.	William Jennings Bryan	c.	William McKinley
b.	William Howard Taft	d.	Theodore Roosevelt

26.

How did militarism contribute to increased imperialism?

a.	Imperialists believed strength would allow them to influence other nations.
b.	A strong military helped imperial powers protect their global interests.
c.	Higher military spending increased demand for imported goods.
d.	Militarism supported nationalist beliefs.

27.

Why might the closing of the frontier have encouraged American imperialism?

a.	Discontented Americans sought a new territory in which to try their luck.
b.	The rising American population needed more room to expand.
c.	Social Darwinism called for displaced Native Americans to be resettled abroad.
d.	The success of “Manifest Destiny” encouraged imperialists’ ambitions.

28.

What did Governor Taft do to help restore order in the Philippines?

a.	He censored the press.
b.	He acted generously toward opponents of U.S. rule.
c.	He worked with rebel leaders to determine people’s needs.
d.	He closed schools and businesses.

29.

When Filipinos rebelled against U.S. rule, the United States found itself

a.	quickly defeated by the rebel soldiers.
b.	at risk of losing the Philippines to the Spanish.
c.	using some of the same tactics that the Spanish had used in Cuba.
d.	easily able to restore order in a few months.

30.

In 1916, Congress passed the Jones Act, which

a.	granted full independence to the Philippines.
b.	awarded statehood to the Philippines.
c.	liberated the Philippines from Japanese occupation.
d.	promised that the Philippines would ultimately gain their independence.

31.

America’s Open Door Policy in China was designed to

a.	convert China to a U.S. territory.
b.	increase Chinese immigration to the United States.
c.	gain political influence with the Chinese emperor.
d.	provide the U.S. with access to trade in China without controlling territory.

32.

Why did Theodore Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize?

a.	He performed humanitarian efforts to free Cuba from Spanish rule.
b.	He helped negotiate an end to the Russo-Japanese War.
c.	He brought peace to the Philippines as its governor.
d.	He worked out a “Gentlemen’s Agreement” with Japan over immigration.

33.

How did the United States show its dominance over the Philippines?

a.	through military action	c.	with economics pressure
b.	by political measures	d.	through diplomatic relations

34.

What tactic did Filipino insurgents use to undermine American power?

a.	self-rule	c.	guerilla warfare
b.	concentration camps	d.	standard military tactics

Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in each blank. (10 points each)

35.

After the Spanish-American War, Cubans and Puerto Ricans

a.	remained under Spanish control.
b.	were partially restricted by the United States.
c.	wanted the United States to maintain its military control over their islands.
d.	enjoyed the same rights as all U.S. citizens.

36.

Roosevelt’s “big stick” diplomacy

a.	depended on a strong military to achieve America’s goals.
b.	aimed to increase American investment in business and banks throughout Central America and the Caribbean.
c.	sought to conserve forests for lumber supplies for the military.
d.	worked to promote human rights, national integrity, and opportunity around the world.

37.

How did the United States get access to the Canal Zone in Panama?

a.	The U.S. military took control of the area by using money and investments.
b.	Panama negotiated with the United States to become an independent country.
c.	The U.S. military backed rebels who won their independence from Columbia and founded the new country of Panama.
d.	Spain gave control of Columbia and the canal area to the U.S. government.

38.

“Moral diplomacy” means that the U.S. government should

a.	favor honorable diplomacy, but may still resort to military intervention.
b.	base foreign-policy decisions on the principles of Capitalism.
c.	act solely on the basis of what is best for the economy of the United States.
d.	operate in America’s best interests without regard for the interests of other countries.

39.

Who ran Mexico for decades as a dictator?

a.	Venustiano Carranza	c.	Victoriano Huerta
b.	Porfirio Díaz	d.	Francisco “Pancho” Villa

Use the table and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.

40.

Which diplomatic style most promoted military action?

a.	Big Stick	c.	Moral
b.	Dollar	d.	none of the above

41.

What was one result of moral diplomacy?

a.	Imperialists gained power in the government.
b.	Latin American countries were completely freed from American intervention.
c.	American imperialism and conquest decreased.
d.	Military strength developed under Roosevelt and Taft and diminished under moral diplomacy.

Matching

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use all the terms and people.

a.	William Randolph Hearst	h.	Emilio Aguinaldo
b.	José Martí	i.	“moral diplomacy”
c.	insurrection	j.	Social Darwinism
d.	imperialism	k.	Foraker Act
e.	“big stick” diplomacy	l.	Russo-Japanese War
f.	William Howard Taft	m.	spheres of influence
g.	the Platt Amendment	n.	jingoism

42.

privileged access by Britain, France, Germany, and Russia to Chinese ports and markets

43.

governor of the Philippines who later became President of the United States

44.

a Filipino nationalist who rebelled first against Spain and later against the United States

45.

President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy

46.

the belief that life is a competitive struggle in which only the fittest survive

47.

President Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy

48.

effectively brought Cuba within the U.S. sphere

49.

aggressive form of extreme patriotism & nationalism

50.

a policy in which strong nations control weaker countries or territories

51.

owner of the New York Journal

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use all the terms and people.

a.	Frederick J. Turner	e.	Alfred T. Mahan
b.	Matthew Perry	f.	Sanford Dole
c.	Queen Liliuokalani	g.	Theodore Roosevelt
d.	Charles Darwin

52.

military historian who emphasized the need for a strong navy

53.

wealthy U.S. planter who led the provisional government of Hawaii

54.

naval commodore who sailed into Tokyo Bay, Japan, in 1853

55.

last monarch of Hawaii

56.

historian who said that the frontier had been an outlet for ambitious Americans

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use all the terms and people.

a.	Roosevelt Corollary	e.	“dollar diplomacy”
b.	“moral diplomacy”	f.	Francisco Madero
c.	Foraker Act	g.	“big stick” diplomacy
d.	Platt Amendment	h.	Francisco “Pancho” Villa

57.

The _____ prevented Cuba from signing a treaty with any other country without the approval of the United States.

58.

General John J. Pershing chased this Mexican rebel leader .

59.

President Taft’s _____ meant supporting American investments in foreign countries.

60.

The _____ determined the form of government in Puerto Rico.

61.

The _____ asserted that the United States should act as Latin America’s police power, intervening to restore order when necessary.

Short Answer

Directions: Read the passage below, and then answer the questions that follow on the back of this paper or on a separate sheet of paper.

The Platt Amendment, 1903Article I. The Government of Cuba shall never enter into any treaty or other compact with any foreign power or powers which will impair or tend to impair the independence of Cuba, nor in any manner authorize or permit any foreign power or powers to obtain by colonization or for military or naval purposes, or otherwise, lodgment in or control over any portion of said island. . . .Article III. The Government of Cuba consents that the United States may exercise the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence, [and for] the maintenance of a government adequate for the protection of life, property, and individual liberty. . . .Article VII. To enable the United States to maintain the independence of Cuba, and to protect the people thereof, as well as for its own defense, the Government of Cuba will sell or lease to the United States lands necessary for coaling or naval stations, at certain specified points, to be agreed upon with the President of the United States.

62.

Summarize In what ways did these articles from the Platt Amendment limit Cuba’s autonomy and independence?

63.

Predict Consequences What effect do you think the Platt Amendment had on many Cubans?

64.

Summarize Toward the end of the nineteenth century, some American politicians and diplomats believed that the United States should become an imperialist power. Write an essay explaining at least three of the points in favor of increased U.S. involvement overseas.

65.

Compare and Contrast In an essay, compare and contrast each of these three rebel fighters: José Martí, Emilio Aguinaldo, and Francisco “Pancho” Villa. Explain the backgrounds, motivations, and actions of each nationalist.

66.

Link Past and Present Mark Twain and others in the American Anti-Imperialist League condemned U.S. involvement in the Philippines. How do you think this group would have feel about U.S. involvement today in global affairs as the world’s lone remaining superpower? How would imperialists such as President McKinley view the situation? Write a detailed essay stating the main points of each side.

Directions: Write a definition for each of the people and terms. (10 points each)

67.

Yellow Press

68.

Rough Riders

69.

José Martí

70.

Jingoism

71.

George Dewey