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Chapter 21 Practice Test- a



Matching
 
 
Match the terms to the descriptions.
a.
temperance movement
f.
Ludwig van Beethoven
b.
urban renewal
g.
Guglielmo Marconi
c.
Alfred Nobel
h.
women’s suffrage
d.
Claude Monet
i.
stock
e.
Louis Pasteur
j.
standard of living
 

 1. 

rebuilding poor areas of a city
 

 2. 

invented dynamite, a safer form of explosive than others at that time
 

 3. 

a measure of the quality and availability of necessities and comforts in a society
 

 4. 

reform movement concerned with voting rights
 

 5. 

established a link between microbes and disease
 

 6. 

advocated limiting or banning the use of alcoholic beverages
 

 7. 

romantic composer who was the first to take full advantage of the broad range of instruments in the modern orchestra
 

 8. 

impressionist painter who relied on the viewer’s eye to blend brush strokes into patches of color
 

 9. 

invented the radio
 

 10. 

shares of ownership in a corporation
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 11. 

Charles Dickens is known for his
a.
love of Scottish history & knights
c.
detailed portrayals of slum life and colorful characters
b.
desctiptions of the life of islanders on Tahiti
d.
emphasis on the imagination and the power of nature
 

 12. 

What invention did the internal combustion engine make possible?
a.
the Wright Brothers’ flying machine
c.
the telegraph
b.
the steamboat
d.
Faraday’s electric motor
 

 13. 

The technology for America’s first textile factory came from
a.
France.
c.
Britain.
b.
Japan.
d.
Germany.
 

 14. 

Who was John Dalton?
a.
a religious reformer
c.
a scientist
b.
a labor union official
d.
a politician
 

 15. 

How did workers respond to the harsh conditions of industrial life?
a.
They quit their jobs & moved to farms
c.
They froze wages of unskilled workers
b.
They formed unions and mutual-aid societies
d.
They hired armed guards and police to protect themselves
 

 16. 

The Bessemer process was a method for producing
a.
identical components.
c.
electricity.
b.
steel.
d.
textiles.
 

 17. 

What did Mathew B. Brady accomplish in the visual arts?
a.
He took realistic pictures of the Civil War.
b.
He photographed the cathedral at Rouen, France from different angles.
c.
His pictures captured the beauty and power of nature.
d.
He took postimpressionist pictures with a dreamlike quality.
 

 18. 

Two new types of transportation developed around 1900 were
a.
automobiles & railroads
c.
automobiles & airplanes
b.
telephones & radios
d.
railroads & steamships
 

 19. 

What did some critics of women’s suffrage claim?
a.
Alcoholic beverages should remain legal.
c.
The social gospel was not based on Christianity.
b.
Women were too emotional to vote responsibily.
d.
Everyone should be able to vote.
 

 20. 

A company that sells ownership shares to many investors is a
a.
monopoly.
c.
trust.
b.
cartel.
d.
corporation.
 

 21. 

A production method in which workers repeatedly perform one task in the manufacturing process is called
a.
cottage industry.
c.
the assembly line.
b.
the Bessemer process.
d.
interchangeable parts.
 

 22. 

In 1869, what chemist developed a table that became the basis for the periodic table of elements used today?
a.
Thomas Edison
c.
John Dalton
b.
Dmitri Mendeleyev
d.
Charles Lyell
 

 23. 

Louis Daguerre was a pioneer in the field of
a.
the novel
c.
painting
b.
photography
d.
drama
 

 24. 

The population of Europe exploded between 1800 and 1900 in large part because
a.
couples started families at a younger age.
b.
medical advances reduced the death rate.
c.
cities eliminated slums.
d.
couples had more children.
 

 25. 

Japan lacked many basic resources, yet it industrialized rapidly after 1868 because
a.
Japanese political leaders placed a high priority on modernization.
b.
Japanese business leaders had a great deal of wealth to invest.
c.
Japanese engineers developed superior technology.
d.
many British engineers came to Japan and set up industries there.
 

 26. 

Which group of artists tried to capture the human eye’s first perception of a scene?
a.
romantic painters
c.
realists dramatists
b.
impressionist artists
d.
romantic photographers
 

 27. 

The main purpose for selling stock was to allow companies to raise
a.
production
c.
capital
b.
prices
d.
wages
 

 28. 

The first European country outside of Britainto industrialize was
a.
France
c.
Germany
b.
Belgium
d.
Italy
 

 29. 

The purpose of Normal Schools was to train students to be
a.
priests.
c.
teachers.
b.
doctors.
d.
good wives.
 

 30. 

Reformers in what movement argued that the use of alcoholic beverages harmed family life and reduced worker productivity?
a.
temperance
c.
abolition
b.
suffrage
d.
social gospel
 

 31. 

An artist of the mid-1800s who portrayed the harsh lives of slum dwellers was probably using what artistic style?
a.
impressionism
c.
romanticism
b.
realism
d.
neoclassicism
 

 32. 

What theory applied the idea of natural selection to the development of business and society?
a.
socialism
c.
social gospel
b.
Social Darwinism
d.
capitalism
 

 33. 

Who discovered that sterilizing surgical instruments with antiseptics would help prevent infection?
a.
Robert Koch
c.
Joseph Lister
b.
Florence Nightingale
d.
Louis Pasteur
 

 34. 

Russia did not industrialize as soon as other countries because it lacked
a.
expertise.
c.
capital.
b.
political stability.
d.
technology.
 

 35. 

What limited the effectiveness of women involved in the temperance movement?
a.
They did not want to be involved in political issues of the day.
b.
They cared too much about the suffrage movement.
c.
They were too busy with their family life to vote.
d.
They could not vote and were barred from most schools.
 

 36. 

John D. Rockefeller was associated with
a.
the steelmaking business.
c.
commercial airline travel
b.
the petroleum industry.
d.
the Trans-Siberian railroad
 

 37. 

A pioneer of hospital care, safety, and hygiene was
a.
Robert Koch
c.
Louis Pasteur
b.
Florence Nightingale
d.
Louis Sullivan
 

 38. 

Labor laws were passed in several countries to
a.
force factory owners to raise the standard of living
c.
outlaw children and women working in mines
b.
foster worker discontent
d.
require employers to offer healthcare benefits
 

 39. 

Today’s electric generators work on the same principle as the dynamo invented by
a.
Guglielmo Marconi.
c.
Michael Faraday.
b.
Thomas Edison.
d.
Benjamin Franklin.
 

 40. 

To explain the long, slow process of evolution, Charles Darwin proposed the theory of
a.
natural selection
c.
imperialism
b.
natural domesticity
d.
Social Darwinism
 

Short Answer - Choose any 2 questions and answer as a Bonus - maximum of  5 points each.
 

 41. 

Synthesize Information Describe some of the working conditions during the Industrial Revolution that caused workers in western countries to organize. What actions did workers take to try to improve their situation? Why do you think that governments and business owners tried to silence protesting workers?
 
 
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 42. 

Analyze Information Study the graph. Between 1900 and 1910, in which country did steel production grow at the fastest rate? Explain how you can tell this from the graph. Based on this graph, write a summary comparing steel production in the United States, Germany, and Great Britain between 1880 and 1910.
 

 43. 

Summarize Briefly summarize the theory of Social Darwinism. To what extent do you think that this was a correct or incorrect application of Darwin’s ideas?
 

 44. 

Recognize Cause and Effect How do you think the cult of domesticity that developed during the late 1800s affected the women’s suffrage movement? Explain your reasoning.
 

 45. 

Compare Points of View Two artistic movements--romanticism and realism--strongly influenced art, literature, and music in the 1800s. Compare the style and purpose of a typical writer influenced by each of these movements. Include examples of how the subject matter of these two writers might differ.
 

 46. 

Distinguish False From Accurate Images How do you think supporters of Social Darwinism would explain the difference in wealth between the rich and the poor? Do you think this explanation is accurate? Why or why not?
 

 47. 

Categorize Cities underwent dramatic changes in the late 1800s. Describe three positive and three negative effects of these changes on the standard of living of city dwellers.
 

 48. 

Draw Inferences In the late 1800s, architects began transforming city skylines with soaring buildings called skyscrapers. Why do you think skyscrapers began to be built at this time in history?
 



 
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