U.S. History Mid-Term Exam Practice Test

Name:

Matching

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use all the terms and people.

a.	William Randolph Hearst	h.	Emilio Aguinaldo
b.	José Martí	i.	“moral diplomacy”
c.	insurrection	j.	Social Darwinism
d.	imperialism	k.	Foraker Act
e.	“big stick” diplomacy	l.	Russo-Japanese War
f.	William Howard Taft	m.	spheres of influence
g.	the Platt Amendment	n.	jingoism

privileged access by Britain, France, Germany, and Russia to Chinese ports and markets

governor of the Philippines who later became President of the United States

a Filipino nationalist who rebelled first against Spain and later against the United States

President Theodore Roosevelt’s foreign policy

the belief that life is a competitive struggle in which only the fittest survive

President Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy

effectively brought Cuba within the U.S. sphere

aggressive form of extreme patriotism & nationalism

a policy in which strong nations control weaker countries or territories

10.

owner of the New York Journal

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use all the terms and people.

a.	Roosevelt Corollary	e.	“dollar diplomacy”
b.	“moral diplomacy”	f.	Francisco Madero
c.	Foraker Act	g.	“big stick” diplomacy
d.	Platt Amendment	h.	Francisco “Pancho” Villa

11.

The _____ prevented Cuba from signing a treaty with any other country without the approval of the United States.

12.

General John J. Pershing chased this Mexican rebel leader .

13.

President Taft’s _____ meant supporting American investments in foreign countries.

14.

The _____ determined the form of government in Puerto Rico.

15.

The _____ asserted that the United States should act as Latin America’s police power, intervening to restore order when necessary.

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use all the terms and people.

a.	Western Front	g.	Vladimir Lenin
b.	casualties	h.	influenza
c.	Lusitania	i.	reparations
d.	Selective Service Act	j.	creditor nation
e.	John J. Pershing	k.	Espionage Act
f.	George Creel	l.	Bernard Baruch

16.

payment for war damages

17.

a country that owes less money than it is owed

18.

British passenger ship

19.

section of French border that was critical to winning the war

20.

head of the War Industries Board

21.

a viral illness

22.

banned certain printed materials

23.

soldiers killed, wounded, and missing

24.

commander of American forces in Europe

25.

authorized a military draft

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use all the terms and people.

a.	Alsace-Lorraine	e.	contraband
b.	militarism	f.	U-boats
c.	Western Front	g.	Lusitania
d.	casualties

26.

section of French border that was critical to winning the war

27.

British passenger ship

28.

submarines

29.

soldiers killed, wounded, and missing

30.

illegal weapons and other goods used to fight a war

Directions: Match the definitions with the terms. Write the correct letter in each blank. You will not use all of the terms.

a.	mass production	g.	Scopes Trial
b.	bull market	h.	A Farewell to Arms
c.	Andrew Mellon	i.	Prohibition
d.	Sigmund Freud	j.	Harlem Renaissance
e.	Ku Klux Klan	k.	Langston Hughes
f.	The Jazz Singer	l.	Dawes Plan

31.

wealthy banker who served in the Harding administration

32.

set the theories of Charles Darwin against fundamentalism

33.

agreement intended to settle international debts from World War I

34.

1920s cultural outpouring associated with African Americans

35.

first film with synchronized sound

36.

wrote of the pain and pride of being black

37.

manufacturing method in which each worker performs one step

38.

psychologist who stressed the importance of the unconscious mind

39.

targeted blacks, Jews, Catholics, and immigrants

40.

a period during which the value of stocks increases

Directions: Match the definitions with the letter of the correct term or person. You will not use all the terms and people.

a.	bull market	e.	Model T
b.	scientific management	f.	installment buying
c.	assembly line	g.	consumer revolution
d.	buying on margin

41.

a method of studying and improving efficiency

42.

used by Henry Ford to assemble cars more efficiently

43.

a period of time when a large number of new goods became widely available

44.

a type of credit in which a small down payment is followed by monthly payments

45.

a form of credit often used to purchase stock in the 1920s

Directions: Match the definitions with the terms. Write the correct letter in each blank. You will not use all of the terms.

a.	Great Depression	j.	business cycle
b.	localism	k.	repatriation
c.	tenant farmers	l.	Douglas MacArthur
d.	bread line	m.	Hoover Dam
e.	Herbert Hoover	n.	Okies
f.	trickle-down economics	o.	Hawley-Smoot Tariff
g.	Bonus Army	p.	speculation
h.	Black Tuesday	q.	Dust Bowl
i.	RFC

46.

World War I veterans who marched to demand payment of money promised by Congress

47.

Dust Bowl refugees who moved westward to find work

48.

risky stock purchases made by investors with the hope of high returns

49.

President when the stock market crashed

50.

government efforts to encourage or pressure Mexican immigrants to return to Mexico

51.

General who dispersed protestors in the capital by ordering federal troops to fire on them with tear gas

52.

the periodic expansion and contraction of the economy

53.

agricultural workers who work on land owned by someone else

54.

the theory that money invested in banks and businesses will work its way through the system to laborers

55.

the occasion of the stock market crash

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

56.

What happened within a year of United States Navy Commodore Matthew Perry’s arrival in Tokyo Bay in 1853?

a.	The United States annexed the island of Hawaii.
b.	Japan and the United States fought for control of trade.
c.	Perry negotiated a treaty that opened trade to the United States.
d.	Japan became a U.S. territory in Asia.

57.

Hawaii was finally annexed in

a.	1887, when King Kalakaua amended the constitution.
b.	1893, when Queen Liliuokalani was overthrown.
c.	1893, when Sanford Dole was head of the new government.
d.	1898, during the Spanish-American War.

58.

Why did United States Navy Commodore George Dewey lead an attack on ships in the Manila Bay during the Spanish-American War?

a.	The U.S. was at war with Spain, and the ships belonged to the Spanish.
b.	The U.S. intentionally started the war with Spain as an excuse to take over other territories.
c.	Dewey wanted to attack Spain and gain control over Cuba.
d.	The Philippines joined the war in support of Spain.

59.

The “Rough Riders” were

a.	Cuban revolutionaries who battled the Spanish for independence.
b.	a volunteer U.S. cavalry unit in the Spanish-American War.
c.	newspaper owners who influenced public opinion by exaggerating the truth.
d.	Spanish generals in Cuba who mistreated the civilian population.

60.

Unlike Britain, France, and Russia, The United States

a.	controlled large areas of China.
b.	wanted to keep trade in China open to all countries.
c.	had no interest in trade with China.
d.	broke China into distinct spheres of influence.

61.

President Roosevelt sent troops to support Panamanian rebels in the fight against Colombia so that

a.	the Colombians would grant the United States the right to build a canal.
b.	Panamanians could be free from Colombian imperialism.
c.	the United States could get the rights to build a canal in Panama at a lower price.
d.	the Panamanians could build a canal from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean.

62.

The United States wanted overseas territories because the territories had

a.	access to ports.
b.	customers who buy U.S. products.
c.	connections with European nations.
d.	access to raw materials.

63.

Why did journalists call the Alaska purchase of 1867 “Seward’s Folly”?

a.	Public opinion supported the purchase of Hawaii.
b.	It was contrary to the idea of Manifest Destiny.
c.	They wondered why the United States would want a vast tundra of snow and ice far from the continental borders.
d.	They believed that the United States instead should direct its energies toward Latin America.

64.

Social Darwinism is the theory that

a.	only countries with colonies can compete in the world market.
b.	life consists of competitive struggles in which only the strong survive.
c.	the American frontier stopped people from rebelling in the United States.
d.	the United States should expand its territory from the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans.

65.

The Teller Amendment stated that

a.	Spain had no right to mistreat the people of Cuba.
b.	the United States could not go to war.
c.	the United States could not develop colonies.
d.	the United States could not annex Cuba.

66.

Emilio Aguinaldo was

a.	Spanish ambassador to Washington, D.C.
b.	a Filipino freedom fighter.
c.	a Cuban freedom fighter.
d.	a Spanish general.

67.

How did militarism contribute to increased imperialism?

a.	Imperialists believed strength would allow them to influence other nations.
b.	A strong military helped imperial powers protect their global interests.
c.	Higher military spending increased demand for imported goods.
d.	Militarism supported nationalist beliefs.

68.

When Filipinos rebelled against U.S. rule, the United States found itself

a.	quickly defeated by the rebel soldiers.
b.	at risk of losing the Philippines to the Spanish.
c.	using some of the same tactics that the Spanish had used in Cuba.
d.	easily able to restore order in a few months.

69.

America’s Open Door Policy in China was designed to

a.	convert China to a U.S. territory.
b.	increase Chinese immigration to the United States.
c.	gain political influence with the Chinese emperor.
d.	provide the U.S. with access to trade in China without controlling territory.

70.

Why did Theodore Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize?

a.	He performed humanitarian efforts to free Cuba from Spanish rule.
b.	He helped negotiate an end to the Russo-Japanese War.
c.	He brought peace to the Philippines as its governor.
d.	He worked out a “Gentlemen’s Agreement” with Japan over immigration.

71.

How did the United States show its dominance over the Philippines?

a.	through military action	c.	with economics pressure
b.	by political measures	d.	through diplomatic relations

72.

What tactic did Filipino insurgents use to undermine American power?

a.	self-rule	c.	guerilla warfare
b.	concentration camps	d.	standard military tactics

73.

Roosevelt’s “big stick” diplomacy

a.	depended on a strong military to achieve America’s goals.
b.	aimed to increase American investment in business and banks throughout Central America and the Caribbean.
c.	sought to conserve forests for lumber supplies for the military.
d.	worked to promote human rights, national integrity, and opportunity around the world.

74.

How did the United States get access to the Canal Zone in Panama?

a.	The U.S. military took control of the area by using money and investments.
b.	Panama negotiated with the United States to become an independent country.
c.	The U.S. military backed rebels who won their independence from Columbia and founded the new country of Panama.
d.	Spain gave control of Columbia and the canal area to the U.S. government.

75.

“Moral diplomacy” means that the U.S. government should

a.	favor honorable diplomacy, but may still resort to military intervention.
b.	base foreign-policy decisions on the principles of Capitalism.
c.	act solely on the basis of what is best for the economy of the United States.
d.	operate in America’s best interests without regard for the interests of other countries.

76.

Which diplomatic style most promoted military action?

a.	Big Stick	c.	Moral
b.	Dollar	d.	none of the above

77.

The Triple Alliance nations were

a.	France, Russia, and Great Britain.
b.	Great Britain, France, and the United States.
c.	Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
d.	Russia, Germany, and Austria-Hungary.

78.

The buildup of the U.S. military in 1916 was an example of

a.	internationalism.	c.	neutrality.
b.	isolationism.	d.	preparedness.

79.

One reason for the German surrender in 1918 was that

a.	many German soldiers were no longer willing to fight.
b.	the German tactic of trench warfare was a failure.
c.	the German submarine fleet had been destroyed.
d.	the German blockade of France had failed.

80.

Convoys were used to

a.	transport wounded soldiers to hospitals.
b.	protect soldiers on the battlefield.
c.	prevent submarine attacks on ships.
d.	move troops behind enemy lines.

81.

The League of Nations can best be described as a

a.	peace treaty.	c.	division of territory.
b.	secret alliance.	d.	mutual defense agreement.

82.

When World War I began, President Wilson wanted the United States to remain neutral because of the nation’s

a.	ethnic diversity.
b.	economic problems.
c.	military weakness.
d.	secret alliances.

83.

Which event was most influential in turning American public opinion against Germany?

a.	the assassination of Francis Ferdinand
b.	the Sussex Pledge
c.	the invasion of Belgium
d.	the National Defense Act

84.

What was the immediate cause of the U.S. entry into World War I?

a.	the Sussex Pledge
b.	the Zimmerman Note
c.	the sinking of the Lusitania
d.	the blockade of Germany

85.

When World War I began, which two groups were most likely to support the Central Powers?

a.	German Americans and Jewish Americans
b.	German Americans and French Americans
c.	British Americans and Mexican Americans
d.	British Americans and Russian Americans

86.

Which of these best describes the impact of World War I on the American economy?

a.	prices decreased	c.	regulation increased
b.	production decreased	d.	unemployment increased

87.

How did World War I change the lives of American women?

a.	It broadened job opportunities for women.
b.	It delayed the extension of voting rights to women.
c.	It made military service mandatory for young women.
d.	It increased educational opportunities for women.

88.

What major event shocked the American people and led Wilson to no longer call for peace?

a.	neutral Belgium invaded by Germany	c.	Zimmerman note exposed
b.	German U-boats sank the Lusitania	d.	Germany sank the Sussex

89.

About how many American troops served in combat during World War I?

a.	50,000	c.	600,000
b.	230,000	d.	1,300,000

90.

Where did American troops do the most fighting?

a.	at sea	c.	on the Western Front
b.	in Germany	d.	on the Eastern Front

91.

What did President Wilson mean by the phrase “peace without victory”?

a.	that the United States should withdraw its troops before the war ended
b.	that the terms of peace should not punish the defeated nations
c.	that fighting should end with neither side claiming victory
d.	that Germany should be required to rebuild France

92.

The Paris Peace Conference denied self-determination to the people of

a.	Iraq.	c.	Russia.
b.	India.	d.	Germany.

93.

What was the result of the U.S. Senate’s refusal to approve the Treaty of Versailles?

a.	The League of Nations was never formed.
b.	The League of Nations was ineffective.
c.	Britain and France were no longer allies of the United States.
d.	Germany was never held accountable for war damages.

94.

What did Wilson hope to accomplish with the League of Nations?

a.	Hoped to create a world organization where countries could gather and resolve their quarrels peacefully.
b.	Wanted the League of Nations to afford people the right to choose their own form of government.
c.	Proposed the League of Nations could insist that Germany pay reparations to the countries it damaged during the war.
d.	Believed the League of Nations could prevent freedom of the seas and free trade.

95.

What international event led to the Red Scare?

a.	a murder in Italy	c.	a revolution in Russia
b.	an election in Britain	d.	an epidemic in Germany

96.

Which nation was the world’s economic leader after World War I?

a.	Britain	c.	the Soviet Union
b.	Germany	d.	the United States

97.

In 1920, American voters elected a President who promised

a.	to continue the policies of Woodrow Wilson.
b.	to increase the U.S. role in world affairs.
c.	sweeping economic and social change.
d.	a return to simpler times.

98.

The postwar period was difficult for farmers because of

a.	falling food prices.	c.	a shortage of farm equipment.
b.	widespread drought.	d.	a decrease in demand for farm products.

99.

Women’s efforts and sacrifices during World War I led to U.S. government support for which reform?

a.	universal suffrage	c.	religious freedom
b.	racial equality	d.	alcohol prohibition

100.

African Americans in the 1920s faced discrimination, especially in

a.	the North, where they were not allowed to work.
b.	the North, where strong Jim Crow laws existed.
c.	the South, where they were not allowed to work.
d.	the South, where strong Jim Crow laws existed.

101.

How did Prohibition contribute to the growth of organized crime?

a.	by forcing police to enforce antiliquor laws
b.	by making it easier for bootleggers to branch into other types of illegal activity
c.	by forcing farmers to grow grain for the production of alcohol
d.	by strengthening respect for the law

102.

In 1933, Congress repealed Prohibition with the

a.	Eighteenth Amendment.	c.	Twentieth Amendment.
b.	Nineteenth Amendment.	d.	Twenty-first Amendment.

103.

In towns such as New York, Chicago, and Cleveland,

a.	black middle and upper classes emerged.
b.	blacks did no better than they had in the South.
c.	most blacks worked as sharecroppers.
d.	blacks were often the victims of Jim Crow laws.

104.

What was the condition ofAmerica’s economy following World War I?

a.	There was a long recession.
b.	There was immediate nationwide prosperity.
c.	There was a brief recession, followed by economic growth.
d.	There was a long, gradual decline in America’s economy.

105.

What was a major result of Henry Ford’s innovative manufacturing techniques?

a.	The sale price of the average car increased.
b.	The sale prices of cars went down.
c.	More Americans bought cars from overseas.
d.	Fewer Americans had jobs.

106.

The demand for automobiles in the 1920s

a.	stimulated growth in many other industries.
b.	led to a nationwide recession.
c.	closed down the steel industry.
d.	brought about the collapse of the suburbs.

107.

Buying stock on margin remained profitable as long as

a.	stock prices fell.	c.	stock prices rose.
b.	buyers did not take out loans.	d.	buyers did not acquire collateral.

108.

During the 1920s, American farmers as a group

a.	prospered economically.
b.	commanded high prices for their products.
c.	purchased more stock than did city dwellers.
d.	suffered economically.

109.

Presidents Harding and Coolidge favored policies that

a.	aided the growth of business.
b.	brought about social reform.
c.	encouraged activism.
d.	discouraged a laissez-faire approach to the economy.

110.

As President, Warren G. Harding

a.	strengthened the regulations on businesses put into place by the Progressives.
b.	abolished all regulations on businesses.
c.	reduced the regulations on businesses put into place by the Progressives.
d.	took no action on economic matters.

111.

How did President Harding tend to handle presidential decision making?

a.	He read constantly to educate himself on important issues.
b.	He often let trusted friends make decisions for him.
c.	He surrounded himself with experts and held them accountable.
d.	He often gave in to the will of social interest groups.

112.

President Coolidge believed that the creation of wealth

a.	hurt the disadvantaged.	c.	eroded personal freedoms.
b.	benefited the nation as a whole.	d.	helped America’s enemies.

113.

In the 1920s, how did most national leaders hope to go about avoiding war?

a.	by joining the World Court
b.	by winning the arms race
c.	by avoiding close interaction with other nations
d.	by forcing Europe to disarm

114.

Why were nativists opposed to immigration?

a.	They feared that Americans would be forced to move to other countries.
b.	They feared the loss of jobs and damage to America’s traditions.
c.	They feared that an illegal immigrant would be elected President.
d.	They feared a civil war between the United States and Mexico.

115.

Most Americans who opposed the Ku Klux Klan embraced what notion?

a.	that the races should remain separate
b.	that America was a “melting pot”
c.	that immigrants should be deported
d.	that David Stephenson should be elected President

116.

How was Henry Ford able to reduce the sale price of the Model T?

a.	The location of Ford’s plant gave him easy access to resources and allowed him to reduce the price.
b.	He studied the techniques of Chicago meatpacking houses and used their same processes.
c.	Ford kept his workers happy by paying them well and giving them a 40 hour work week.
d.	Ford put his cars on moving assembly lines and reduced the time it took to make a car.

117.

The American movie industry was controlled by a handful of huge studios in

a.	New York City.	c.	London, England.
b.	Washington, D.C.	d.	Hollywood, California.

118.

In 1920, America’s first radio station

a.	closed because few Americans bought radios.
b.	was an immediate success.
c.	broadcast Al Jolson in The Jazz Singer.
d.	put early movie houses out of business.

119.

The “New Woman” of the 1920s

a.	embraced Victorian morality.	c.	rejected Victorian morality.
b.	rejected the notion of suffrage.	d.	began to prefer more modest fashions.

120.

Abstract art was an expression of

a.	Modernism.	c.	Prohibition.
b.	Victorianism.	d.	traditionalism.

121.

Why did so many African Americans migrate north throughout the 1920s?

a.	for the milder climate
b.	for a chance at a better future
c.	to save money for legal reform in the South
d.	to serve in the military

122.

Jazz was

a.	a musical style created by southern plantation owners.
b.	a style of art created by African American activists.
c.	a fashion style that came and went quickly.
d.	an American hybrid of African American and European music forms.

123.

The sense of group identity created by the Harlem Renaissance

a.	formed a basis for later progress for blacks in America.
b.	was lost by the end of the 1920s.
c.	enabled African Americans to form their own nation.
d.	ended discrimination against blacks in America.

124.

Why is Louis Armstrong a jazz legend?

a.	for becoming the first white musician to contribute to jazz
b.	for his ability to play the trumpet and his subtle sense of improvisation
c.	for being the highest-paid African American entertainer
d.	for predicting that America will be best remembered for the Constitution, baseball, and jazz

125.

What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?

a.	involved transferring oil reserves from the Navy Department to the Interior Department and then forgot about the Navy’s needs
b.	allowed the Attorney General to use his position to accept money from criminals
c.	wasted taxpayers’ money by spending many thousands of dollars on a great deal of floor cleaner
d.	allowed Harding to reduce government regulation of business and return to a more traditional laissez-faire approach

126.

Which group experienced an early depression in the 1920s?

a.	farmers	c.	industrial workers
b.	bank owners	d.	stock market investors

127.

During the 1920s, the United States economy moved through which phase of the business cycle?

a.	expansion	c.	contraction
b.	peak	d.	trough

128.

In 1929, the stock market crashed because

a.	the Federal Reserve increased the money supply.
b.	Germany ceased reparations payments to the United States.
c.	investors lost confidence in the market and rushed to sell their shores.
d.	depositors lost their investments and tried to withdraw all of the savings from banks.

129.

Which factor contributed to the spread of the Great Depression overseas?

a.	Europe increased trade to the United States.
b.	Congress lowered tariffs on foreign imports.
c.	American industry reduced production levels.
d.	The United States curtailed investment in Europe.

130.

Both African Americans and Mexican Americans had an especially difficult time during the Great Depression because they

a.	had little community and family support upon which to rely.
b.	were forced to migrate from the South to find work in northern cities.
c.	had to fight repatriation efforts by local, state, and federal government officials.
d.	faced discrimination when competing with white Americans for a limited number of jobs.

131.

Why did volunteerism fail?

a.	Banks made too many loans to struggling businesses.
b.	Businesses and citizens acted in their individual best interests.
c.	President Hoover supported more federal government intervention.
d.	Charitable organizations took control of local and state relief efforts.

132.

Congress instituted the RFC to loan money to

a.	European nations so that they could pay off their war debts.
b.	investors so that they could engage in more stock speculation.
c.	depositors so that they could withdraw their savings from banks.
d.	banks so that they could lend money to businesses to stimulate economic activity.

133.

Why did the Bonus Army march on Washington, D.C.?

a.	The Federal Reserve refused to pay veterans their bonuses.
b.	General MacArthur attacked protestors demanding their bonuses.
c.	President Hoover vetoed a bill providing for early payment of bonuses.
d.	Congress passed a bill promising to pay veterans their bonuses in 1945.

134.

Which of these factors helped hide economic problems in the 1920s?

a.	Investors lost confidence in the market.
b.	Farmers sold crop surpluses to pay off their debts.
c.	Americans purchased many consumer goods on credit.
d.	Wages increased at the same pace as worker productivity.

135.

What event occurred on Black Tuesday?

a.	Unemployment reached nearly 25 percent.
b.	The Federal Reserve lowered interest rates.
c.	Investors sold more than 16 million shares of stock.
d.	Germany stopped reparation payments to the United States.

136.

Why did so many banks collapse at the beginning of the Great Depression?

a.	Too many investors tried to open new accounts.
b.	Too many depositors tried to withdraw their money all at once.
c.	The stock market collapsed too slowly to collect on debts.
d.	The Federal Reserve put too much money into circulation.

137.

European countries reacted to the Hawley-Smoot Tariff by

a.	increasing global trade.	c.	importing more American goods.
b.	passing high protective tariffs.	d.	lowering prices on European goods.

138.

What economic condition did economist John Maynard Keynes believe caused the Great Depression?

a.	lack of government intervention
b.	strict controls on stock speculation
c.	too much oversight of the banking system
d.	limits on production and consumer spending

139.

At the onset of the Great Depression, urban unemployment

a.	decreased slightly.	c.	increased slightly.
b.	stayed about the same.	d.	increased dramatically.

140.

The unemployment rate among African Americans was

a.	nearly double the national rate.
b.	slightly higher than the national rate.
c.	about the same as the national rate.
d.	slightly lower than the national rate.

141.

President Hoover responded cautiously to the Great Depression because he

a.	thought that the business cycle would correct itself.
b.	was distracted by the giant dust storms in the Great Plains.
c.	did not have any experience with business methods and economic theory.
d.	believed that the federal government needed to take an active approach to recovery.

142.

The policy of volunteerism called for which of the following?

a.	higher taxes
b.	public-works programs
c.	cuts in employment and wages
d.	less reliance on charitable contributions

143.

President Hoover urged Congress to institute the RFC because he believed that the economy suffered from

a.	a lack of credit.
b.	over-employment.
c.	too much government regulation.
d.	a concentration of wealth in large businesses.

144.

Some Americans blamed the Great Depression on

a.	fascism.	c.	capitalism.
b.	socialism.	d.	communism.

145.

Why did many Americans decide that the country needed new leadership in 1932?

a.	Prices for farm products were rising again.
b.	Congress had passed a bill to pay World War I veterans their bonuses early.
c.	President Hoover’s volunteerism and trickle-down economic policies had failed.
d.	President Hoover denied responsibility for the use of federal troops against protestors.

146.

What was the destination of most Dust Bowl migrants?

a.	agricultural areas to the north	c.	California’s central valley
b.	cities to find work	d.	Kansas City

147.

How did the uneven distribution of the nation’s wealth lead to the depression?

a.	Farmers had huge surpluses of crops but demand for them decreased drastically so they went into debt.
b.	Acquiring a line of credit was easy, but it caused more debt for people who could not make payments.
c.	Wealthy people grew wealthier and had money to spend on consumer products, but this spending was not enough to keep the economy booming.
d.	All of the above.

148.

Why were banks one of the first institutions to feel the effects of the stock market crash?

a.	People began to lose confidence in the economy and frightened depositors began to remove their money from banks.
b.	Banks gave out too many loans in the early 1920s so there was a great deal of money in circulation.
c.	The Federal Reserve increased interest rates in the 1920s to stimulate economic growth, but then limited money supply to discourage lending.
d.	After the stock market crash people went to banks to secure their hard money so they could circulate it back into the economy.

149.

What did President Hoover do that directly led the Bonus Army march on Washington in 1932?

a.	vetoed the Adjusted Compensation Act
b.	encouraged the beginning of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
c.	vetoed the bill that Congress passed allowing early bonus payment to out-of-work veterans
d.	allowed federal troops to remove the Bonus Army with great force

150.

What event happened when the veteran groups marched in protest on Washington?

a.	Over twenty thousand protesters set up camps and peacefully occupied empty government buildings.
b.	Congress ordered General MacArthur to use federal troops to remove the protestors by using force.
c.	General MacArthur, along with Dwight Eisenhower and George Patton, agreed it was necessary to use force to remove the protestors.
d.	Federal troops used tear-gas and marched with their bayonets on the protestors, many of the veterans were injured.